Most students rent privately at least once during university, often without a written agreement and after paying a large sum up front. Knowing the basic rules protects you. This guide summarises key points of Ghana's Rent Act, 1963 (Act 220) as they apply to everyday renting. It's general information, not legal advice. For a specific dispute, speak to the Rent Control Department or a lawyer.
Advance rent is capped at six months
Section 25 of the Rent Act limits the advance rent a landlord can demand for residential premises to six months. In practice many landlords and hostels still ask for one or two years. In 2026 the Rent Control Department stepped up enforcement, including a compliance exercise on student hostel pricing and advance rent that followed a petition from the National Union of Ghana Students. If you're asked for more than you think is lawful, you can ask Rent Control for guidance before paying.
You're entitled to a receipt for every payment
Landlords must give a written receipt for each rent payment, showing the amount, the period it covers and their signature. This applies to cash, bank transfers and mobile money. Receipts are your main evidence if there's ever a disagreement, so keep them (a photo on your phone is better than nothing).
Get the agreement in writing
Oral agreements can be valid, but written ones are far easier to rely on. Make sure it states the rent, the period covered, what's included (utilities, internet, security), the deposit if any and how it's refunded, house rules, and what happens if either side ends the arrangement early.
Notice before you have to leave
A landlord can't simply tell you to leave with no notice. The Rent Act sets minimum notice periods (for example, one month for monthly tenancies and longer for longer tenancies), and eviction on grounds such as unpaid rent goes through the Rent Control Department or the courts. If you're being forced out suddenly, get advice quickly.
Deposits and the room's condition
If you pay a damage deposit, agree in writing how and when it will be returned. On move-in day, take dated photos of the room, fittings and any existing damage, and send them to the landlord so both sides have a record.
Where to get help
The Rent Control Department (under the Ministry of Works and Housing) handles complaints about advance rent, receipts, maintenance and evictions. You can visit a regional office or use its online complaints portal. Student unions, including NUGS, can also advise on hostel issues.
- Keep copies of receipts, agreements and messages
- Write down dates and what was said
- If a listing on UniRooms is involved, report it from the listing page so we can review it
Most student rentals go smoothly when both sides agree terms clearly up front. Know the six-month advance rule, always get receipts and keep a written record. UniRooms doesn't collect rent or deposits, so agreements and payments are always between you and the owner, but we can act on listings and owners that break our rules.